La revista Saywa pretende divulgar actividades y pensamientos críticos que promuevan espacios para la ciencia fortaleciendo el perfil cultural científico de nuestra sociedad. Los artículos buscan comunicar estos conocimientos de forma clara y precisa a un público no especializado, pero interesado en acrecentar su comprensión acerca del mundo.
SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 cambió el estilo de vida
In December 2019, the fi rst cases of respiratory disease caused by an emerging coronavirus were detected, which was called SARS-CoV-2, which in the fi rst months of 2020 spread throughout the world, for which the World Organization of the health raised its status to pandemic. The disease, known as Covid-19, occurs with a cough, fever and respiratory distress. The most serious forms, which mainly affect the elderly and with certain comorbidities, are
Copyright (c) 2023 Universidad Antonio Nariño https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Use of PGPR as a biofertilizing alternative in ecological restoration processes
The use of PGPR (plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria), which are a group of bacteria that live in the rhizosphere of plants and produce all kinds of benefits, improving growth, availability and/or absorption of minerals (nitrates, phosphates), help in the production of hormones necessary for plant development (phytohormones). These microorganisms have various applications in organic agriculture as bio-controllers, biofertilizers and biofertilizers and protect plants against possible pathogens and improve the bioavailability of nutrients in the soil to promote plant growth. Experiences in ecological restoration of degraded ecosystems have focused on the use of arbuscular mycorrhizae and bacteria at greenhouse scale.
Copyright (c) 2022 Paula Andrea Beltran Jiménez, Carolina Jaime Rodríguez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Klinefelter syndrome: a comprehensive review beyond the 47 XXY karyotype
Klinefelter syndrome is a pathological condition caused by a chromosomal aberration in males, resulting in the most common alteration of sex chromosomes in humans, characterized by a karyotype of 47 XXY. Its prevalence ranges from 85 to 250 cases per 100,000 live births annually. The absence of clinical signs during early decades of life often leads to a delayed diagnosis, which is associated with metabolic, vascular, and hormonal alterations that negatively impact individuals with this condition. Due to the high prevalence and underdiagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome, it is crucial to understand the genetic and epigenetic processes underlying the disease's development and recognize the accompanying clinical signs. A systematic review of literature was conducted in major medical research databases to achieve this objective. After applying inclusion criteria, 50 relevant articles were analyzed and consolidated to create an updated document. This comprehensive review serves as an important guide for understanding and approaching patients with Klinefelter syndrome, based on scientific evidence. By enhancing awareness and knowledge about this complex medical condition, healthcare professionals can improve early diagnosis, intervention, and management strategies for individuals affected by Klinefelter syndrome.
Copyright (c) 2022 Diana Katerine Guevara Márquez, Germán Augusto Méndez García https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Synthetic peptides in the development of alternative methods of diagnosis and control of human papillomavirus
The development of new methods and/or devices for the diagnosis of diseases, toxic agents, contaminants, and other analytes of environmental, clinical, and biotechnological interest has been the subject of extensive studies. These studies prioritize the various interactions that can occur between the analyte and the molecule responsible for recognition, also known as the bioreceptor. This review presents some strategies that have been developed over the past 20 years for the early detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Currently, HPV is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. While the majority of infections are transient and do not cause diseases, some infections can persist and lead to cervical cancer. The most widely used bioreceptors for designing new diagnostic methods are typically synthetic peptides derived from the L1 proteins of the human papillomavirus. The development of an efficient, cost-effective, sensitive, and specific bioreceptor for antibodies generated by HPV is crucial for the advancement of these new diagnostic tools.
Copyright (c) 2022 Germán Antonio García Contreras https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
La pandemia por el covid 19 ha traído consigo un sin número de dificultades de orden social y económico que, a diario vemos reflejadas en cientos de personas desesperadas por conseguir un empleo para cubrir los gastos básicos que les permitan tener una vida digna o angustiadas por tener a sus familiares en un hospital a causa de un virus silencioso y mortal. Los estudiantes no son ajenos a esta realidad, pues sin duda han llevado gran parte de esta carga, al tener que “aprender a aprender” de una manera completamente diferente a la que estaban acostumbrados.
Copyright (c) 2022 Jazmín Ramírez Alzate https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The mystery of Stevia: there is still much to discover
Stevia is a plant from South America that is cultivated in various regions. It contains a sweet component called steviol glycosides that make it a low-calorie sweetener. The use of Stevia has increased, but there is still uncertainty about its long-term effects on human health. The WHO (2022) recommends caution with non-caloric sweeteners, because they could increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Colombian researchers tell us how to obtain bioproducts from coffee wastes
In this article, the student Maria Fernanda Muñoz Gonzalez presents an overview of the production of biogas from coffee pulp in Colombia, specifically in the department of Huila, in the year 2021. She shows the results of a previous study, the link to which can be obtained in this publication. The results presented by the authors show a surprising efficiency. They underline the relevance of biogas production in the Colombian context and point out an important problem: despite its successful production, biogas is often mixed with gasoline, which reduces its positive impact on the environment.
Copyright (c) 2024 María Fernanda Muñoz González https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The dispute between Newton and Leibniz: Calculus
Professor Miguel Mendez offers a brief historical review of the dispute between Newton and Leibniz over authorship and priority in the creation of the Calculus. The controversy began in 1711 when John Keill, a follower of Newton, accused Leibniz of plagiarism in an article. Leibniz responded, claiming that he was unaware of Newton's method of fluxions when he wrote his papers. The Royal Society appointed a committee that issued a verdict in favor of Newton, without giving Leibniz an opportunity to defend himself. The dispute was continued in pamphlets and correspondence, even after Leibniz's death.
Copyright (c) 2024 Miguel Ángel Méndez Pérez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus by reverse transcription Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay
Abstract The purpose of the present study was to standardize a fast and effortless methodology for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal nucleic acid amplification technique (RT-LAMP) for COVID-19 diagnosis. Standardization was made in RNA samples previously confirmed by RT-qPCR using the Charité/Berlin protocol. We detail the steps of the technique and highlight use of S-123 primers. In conclusion, RT-LAMP with S-123 primers for SARS-CoV-2 in RNA samples, shows a high level of performance compared with gold standard technique RT-qPCR.
Copyright (c) 2024 Elizabeth Ruiz Marvez, Ana Luisa Muñoz Ramírez, Orlando Alfredo Torres García, Francisco Javier Vargas Ortíz, Juana Patricia Sánchez Villamil https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
MENTAL HEALTH A REALITY OR A SCHIZOPHRENIC OUTBREAK?
La salud mental es un tema de cuidado, ya que en una época se veía como algo extraño y no se le daba importancia a los diferentes trastornos mentales que están presentes en la población. La salud mental ha venido tomando fuerza en los últimos años, pero no fue hasta la llegada de la pandemia que se vio la problemática a nivel mundial ya que se aumentó en gran medida los casos de depresión, ansiedad y esquizofrenia; por lo tanto para concientizar, se dará a conocer que causas, síntomas y cómo puede ser tratada, dándole un enfoque al territorio colombiano.
Copyright (c) 2024 Santiago Alejandro Gonzalez Yara, Julieta Lizcano Triana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Conference review: Rocking in the multiverse: music and culture Geek, Leisure and Fantasy Hall - SOFA 2023, Corferias.
Este artículo aborda la cultura geek y su influencia en el entretenimiento y la tecnología. Se explora cómo la música rock, con su espíritu desafiante, se alinea con esta subcultura, proporcionando una banda sonora adecuada para su estilo de vida. Además, se resalta el impacto económico y cultural de la cultura geek, desde franquicias cinematográficas y videojuegos hasta su influencia en el comercio electrónico. La conferencia "Rockeando en el Multiverso: La Música y la Cultura Geek" en SOFA 2023 subrayó la intersección entre rock y anime, fomentando la diversidad cultural y la inclusión.
Copyright (c) 2024 Johann Stiven Ricaurte Cardenas, Julian Fernando Perdomo Rojas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Review of a talk given at the colloquium of the Faculty of Sciences, by Ximena Serrano: Science Journalism against Disinformation.
Durante el Coloquio de la Facultad de Ciencias, Ximena Serrano Gil, presidenta de la Asociación Colombiana de Periodismo y directora de Divulgación Científica en Naturavisión Imágenes Científicas, ofreció una charla titulada "Periodismo Científico contra la Desinformación". La charla abordó la importancia de la comunicación, divulgación y periodismo científico.
Copyright (c) 2024 Aura Elena Suárez Alfonso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
"Electromagnetic exploration in SOFA-scale automotive modeling"
Este artículo realizado por dos estudiantes de la Facultad de Ingeniería explora cómo se aplican los principios de la física de la electricidad y el magnetismo en el automovilismo a escala durante el evento SOFA (Salón del Ocio y la Fantasía).
Copyright (c) 2024 Alejandra Chavarro Díaz , Yineth Camila Pardo Álvarez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Bringing science to where it is most needed: Colombian researcher, Yulieth Alexandra Upegui Zapata, wins For Women in Science 2023 award for her impact on communities and rural areas.
En esta entrevista, la Profesora e Investigadora Yulieth Alexandra Upegui Zapata, quien trabaja en la Universidad Antonio Nariño y la Universidad Nacional de Colombia en Bogotá, nos comparte su trayectoria profesional y su trabajo actual, además de su experiencia al recibir el premio "For Women in Science 2023". Nos relata su formación desde el pregrado hasta el posdoctorado en la Universidad de Antioquia, y destaca los desafíos de realizar investigación en Colombia con recursos limitados, pero con una gran pasión por la comunidad y la ciencia.
From the Students' Perspective: Bringing science to where it is needed most
Gracias a la Profesora Yulieth Upegui, quien nos puso en contacto con algunos estudiantes involucrados en el proceso en terreno en la visita a San Juan del Cesar realizada en el mes de abril del 2024, pudimos conocer sus opiniones sobre esta labor social que acerca la Ciencia y la Investigación a un territorio apartado de Colombia. En esta sección, publicaremos una breve entrevista con Shelsye Andrea Reyes Cruz, estudiante de sexto semestre en la Facultad de Medicina, y Leidy Lorena Moreno Ariza, del pregrado en Bioquímica de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad.
Anaerobic Digestion Model Analysis and Application (ADM1)
Los humanos, al igual que todos los organismos, dependen de la naturaleza para sobrevivir, aprovechando la energía solar que las plantas convierten en biomasa a través de un proceso conocido como capital natural. Este capital, transformado por nuestra intervención en servicios ecosistémicos, proporciona beneficios esenciales para el bienestar humano. Sin embargo, actividades como la emisión excesiva de gases de efecto invernadero, la contaminación del agua y la explotación desmedida de recursos naturales amenazan a las generaciones actuales y futuras. Para mitigar estos impactos, se pueden utilizar microorganismos fotosintéticos como las algas, que no solo generan biocombustibles como el biodiésel y el metano, sino que también ayudan a secuestrar carbono y realizar biorremediación.
Copyright (c) 2024 Jaime Ernesto Vargas Rodríguez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Esta práctica contribuye al reciclaje de plástico y reduce la contaminación y el desperdicio de recursos. Las prótesis fabricadas con materiales reciclados serán más baratas y asequibles, lo que pondrá estas soluciones a disposición de más personas que las necesiten. Las tecnologías de fabricación, como la impresión 3D, desempeñan un papel fundamental a la hora de permitir una producción eficiente y personalizada de prótesis. Este enfoque sostenible y asequible está transformando la industria de las prótesis y brindando esperanza y calidad de vida a quienes las necesitan.
Copyright (c) 2024 Fredy Alexander Veloza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Ups and Downs of the Implementation of UPOV Standards in Colombia: Impacts on Farmers and the Protection of Intellectual Property in Plant Variety Development
La Unión Internacional para la Protección de las Obtenciones Vegetales (UPOV) protege los derechos de propiedad intelectual de quienes desarrollan nuevas variedades vegetales, otorgándoles derechos exclusivos de explotación económica. En Colombia, desde su adhesión a la UPOV en 1996, se ha impulsado la exportación y desarrollo de nuevas variedades vegetales, beneficiando especialmente a grandes empresas y asociaciones de productores. Sin embargo, los pequeños agricultores se ven obligados a utilizar variedades registradas por el Instituto Colombiano de Agricultura (ICA), limitando el uso de semillas nativas y afectando la biodiversidad y las tradiciones culturales.
The mural, created in 2023, invites students, faculty and administrative staff to contemplate our university from a perspective of love and collaboration. "Alegría" is a fragment of the beautiful words conceived by the team that has beautified the main corridor of the institution.
Copyright (c) 2024 Norman Esteban Gil Reyes https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The James Webb Space Telescope: the golden opportunity to unlock the secrets of our Universe
The James Webb Space Telescope, which has generated stunning images recently, is a landmark in astronomy because of its history of international collaboration and costly development, underscoring its importance in advancing our understanding of the cosmos as science progresses.
Copyright (c) 2024 Alejandro Guarnizo Trilleras https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Transforming the Educational Experience: The Modernization of Physics Laboratories at the Antonio Nariño University.
In a brief interview, we had the opportunity to speak with Professor Carlos Andrés Gómez Vasco, an outstanding professional with a degree in Physics from the Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. Professor Gómez Vasco is distinguished in his field by his deep knowledge in physics experimentation, his ability to share his knowledge with his colleagues and his dedication to the technification of laboratories nationwide. In this conversation, Saywa had the opportunity to explore his experience and perspectives in the world of physics and research.
Copyright (c) 2024 Angélica María Gómez Torres https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Building a bright future: the educational alliance between the between UAN and the Piccolino Foundation
Education is a fundamental tool for the development of any society, and this is something that the Antonio Nariño University is very aware of. That is why, through its social outreach program, it has decided to provide biology, physics, chemistry and mathematics classes to the Piccolino Foundation, a non-profit organization dedicated to providing education to underprivileged youth and seniors.
María Elisa Forero Vivas: dedication and passion for research
In the section "Personajes UAN", we pay tribute to the outstanding academic career of Professor María Elisa Forero Vivas, a proud native of Bogota with roots in Cundiboyaca. From an early age, Professor María Elisa showed a deep interest in science. Her fascination for this field was awakened during her primary school studies, when she conducted an experiment on the germination of bean, fava bean and pea seeds. She was impressed to witness the germination process and discover that inside each bean was a potential plant. Watching a complete plant emerge from a seed with time, water and air was the starting point of her wonder, curiosity and desire to question, marking the beginning of her journey into the world of science.
Copyright (c) 2024 Germán Augusto Mendez Garcia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Exploring the Depths of Mystery: The Submarine Titan and the Devastation of Pressure
A scientific account of the expedition to the wreck of the Titanic, which departed from St John's, Newfoundland, on 16 June aboard the research and expedition vessel MV Polar Prince. During the mission, the submersible in which five people were travelling tragically imploded.
Learning outcomes: a process of self-assessment and continuous improvement.
La Profesora Nancy Castillo nos proporciona una valiosa perspectiva sobre los resultados de aprendizaje en el contexto del decreto 1330 de 2019 del Ministerio de Educación Nacional. A medida que la comunidad educativa se involucra cada vez más en discusiones sobre la implementación y medición de estos resultados, la pregunta inicial que surge es: ¿Qué exactamente representan los resultados de aprendizaje?
Copyright (c) 2024 Nancy Isabel Castillo Orjuela https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Recognizing the role of women and girls in science, not only as beneficiaries but also as agents of change, will help accelerate progress towards achieving the sustainable development goals. In this section, we will learn the opinion of María Isabel Olarte, who was a participant and representative of Colombia in OLAA2018, OLAA2020, OLAA2021, IOAA2018, IOAA2019, GeCAA2020, IOAA2021.
Copyright (c) 2022 María Isabel Olarte https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Cells infected and not infected by SARS-CoV-2
La Investigadora Ana Luisa Muñoz, nos muestra dos imágenes de células infectadas por SARS-Cov-2, obtenidas en el laboratorio en el año 2021. Un año después de la aparición del virus.
Copyright (c) 2022 Ana Luisa Muñoz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Scientific influencers in social networks
El auge de las redes sociales como Facebook, Instagram, tik tok, entre otras, permite la divulgación efectiva de información, con la facilidad de que al usuario de redes sociales el algoritmo todo el tiempo le sugiere información que puede ser novedosa o estar en tendencia.
Copyright (c) 2022 María Angélica Gómez Torres https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Anny Karely Rodríguez Fersaca, a teacher with a strong vocation for research
La profesora Anny Rodríguez es oriunda de Puerto Ordaz, Estado de Bolívar, Venezuela, es una científica apasionada por la investigación de la Universidad Antonio Nariño en la Facultad de Ciencias, en donde ha llevado a cabo un excelente desempeño tanto docente como investigativo que han permitido el buen desarrollo de la Universidad. Por lo anterior y más, es uno de los personajes UAN.
Copyright (c) 2022 Germán Augusto Mendez Garcia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Interview with Orlando Alfredo Torres García
El Dr. PhD Orlando Alfredo Torres Garcia, docente de la facultad de veterinaria de la Universidad António Nariño, en la sede Bogotá es médico veterinario de la Universidad de la Salle, Magíster en microbiología con énfasis en inmunología de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Magíster en inmunología molecular y celular de la Universidad de Granada y Phd en inmunología de la Universidad de Granada. Cuenta con seis líneas de investigación activas, en Enfermedades infecciosas y genética, microbiología, alzheimer, caracterización parvovirus, epidemiología veterinaria, inmunogenética de enfermedades complejas.