Métodos Computacionales para el Reconocimiento de Patrones Mioeléctricos en el Control de Exoesqueletos Robóticos: una Revisión
Keywords:
surface electromyography, myoelectric control, features extraction, pattern recognitionAbstract
El desarrollo de las interfaces hombre-máquina ha representado una línea de investigación interesante y ampliamente estudiada en el cam po de la rehabilitación. En este sentido, para potencializar los procesos de rehabilitación física de las personas con discapacidad motora hay un esfuerzo creciente en la comunidad científica hacia el desarrollo de nuevos dispositivos robóticos, como los exoesqueletos. El control mioeléctrico es una técnica avanzada concerniente con la detección, procesamiento, clasificación y aplicación de señales electromiográficas para el control de sistemas externos y dispositivos de rehabilitación. En la terapia física efectuada mediante el uso de sistemas robóticos, es fundamental una identificación efectiva de la intención de los movimientos humanos para comandar tales sistemas. En la literatura se han utilizado ampliamente las señales electromiográficas de superficie, teniendo en cuenta que las mismas pueden reflejar la intención del movimiento. Este artículo proporciona una revisión de las técnicas y métodos computacionales que han sido utilizados, basados en técnicas de extracción de características y reconocimiento de patrones para el control mioléctrico de exoesqueletos. Se abordan trabajos que hacen uso de estos métodos, para el control de los dispositivos robóticos, y se plantean direcciones futuras en este campo de investigación.
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