The city modeled like ecosystem: principles and strategies for sustainability of the systems of urban metabolism city.
Keywords:
systems, city-ecosystem, urban metabolism, resilience, urban harvestAbstract
The concept of urban metabolism was first used by Wolman (1965) to quantify the flows of energy and materials in and out of a hypothetical city and was developed by Douglas (1983), which describes the equations to measure energy, water and balances that constitute the urban metabolism. However, most studies are focused on research rather than practice-oriented and tend to focus on one or more aspects of urban metabolism. The proper integration of available models has not yet managed to give an integral vision of urban sustainability in support of assessment practices of planning and impact (Zhang, 2013).
The urban metabolism is built from systems such as water, energy and materials, and generally these systems have a linear sequence of processing, so that the operation of the city depends entirely on imported resources high quality. So in terms of the linear resource management is highly inefficient metabolism and promotes a high dependence on external resources to the city (Leduc & Van Kann, 2012).
The analysis of urban metabolism can be an important tool for the study of urban ecosystem. Cities like artificial systems can be redesigned from a better perspective as ecosystems natural, but what approaches should be considered for simulating a natural ecosystem? For this it is appropriate to analyze the performance standards of the urban system based on ecological principles and methods. When a city is compared as a living organism studying its urban metabolism, all flows of energy and materials must be considered.
Downloads
References
Bertanlanffy, L. v. (1968). Teoría General de los Sistemas. Fundamentos, desarrollos, aplicaciones. Nueva York.
Córdova, F. (2012). Agua, energía y vivienda: retos y alternativas proyectuales en México. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
García, R. (s.f.) Interdisciplinariedad y sistemas complejos.
Giampietro, M. (2014). The scientific basis of the narrative of societal and ecosystem metabolism,. En M. Giampietro, R. Aspinall, J. Ramos, & B. Sandra, Resource accounting for sustainabillity. (págs. 22-23). Nueva York: Routledge.
Leduc, W.R.W.A., Van Kann, F.M.G. (2012). Spatial planning based on urban energy harvesting toward productive urban regions. Journal of Cleaner Production (pp. 1-11). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.09.014
López, M. (2013.). Gestión compleja del agua. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
Maturana R., H., & Varela, G. F. (1998). De Máquinas y Seres Vivos. Autopoiesis: la organización de lo vivo. Santiago de Chile.: Editorial Univeristaria.
Newman, P. Jennings, I. (2008). Cities as sustainable ecosystems, principles and practices. Island Press: Washington D.C.
Pauleit, S., & Friedrich., D. (2000). Assessing the environmental performance of land cover types for urban planning. Munich, Alemania: Technische Universität Muënchen.
Quintanilla, M. Á. (2005.). Tecnología: un enfoque filosófico y otros ensayos de filosofía de la tecnología. México, D.F.: Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Zhang, Y. (2013). Urban metabolism: A review of research methodologies. Beijing, China: State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University.
Downloads
Published
-
Abstract176
-
PDF (Español (España))79
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.